2.3 Olefin sulfonate hmoov
Sodium olefin sulfonate yog ib hom sulfonate surfactant npaj los ntawm sulfonating olefins ua raw khoom nrog sulfur trioxide. Raws li txoj haujlwm ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua a-alkenyl sulfonate (AOS) thiab Sodium internal olefin sulfonate (IOS).
2.3.1 a-alkenyl sulfonate (AOS)
AOS yog ib chav kawm ntawm sulfonate surfactants tau los ntawm a-olefins (feem ntau siv C14 ~ C18 olefins) los ntawm sulfonation, neutralization thiab hydrolysis. AOS yog lwm hom loj-scale surfactant tsim tom qab LAS thiab AES. AOS yog qhov sib xyaw ntawm sodium alkenyl sulfonate (60% ~ 70%), sodium hydroxyalkyl sulfonate (30%) thiab sodium disulfonate (0 ~ 10%). Cov khoom feem ntau tuaj nyob rau hauv ob hom: 35% ntawm cov kua thiab 92% hmoov.
High carbon saw AOS (C2024AOS) muaj peev xwm txuas tau zoo hauv qhov kub thiab txias ua npuas dej, uas ua rau nws muaj kev cia siab rau daim ntawv thov.
2.3.2 Sodium Internal olefin sulfonate (IOS)
Internal olefin sulfonate (hu ua IOS) yog ib hom sulfonate surfactant tau los ntawm olefin los ntawm sulfonation, neutralization thiab hydrolysis. Qhov piv ntawm sodium hydroxy sulfonate rau sodium alkenyl sulfonate hauv IOS cov khoom yog nyob ntawm seb puas muaj kev laus tshwm sim tom qab sulfonation: yog hais tias cov olefin sab hauv yog ncaj qha neutralized tom qab sulfonation tsis laus, cov khoom muaj txog 90% hydroxy sulfonic acid Sodium thiab 10% sodium alkenyl. sulfonate; Yog hais tias lub sab hauv olefin yog neutralized tom qab sulfonation thiab aging, cov ntsiab lus ntawm sodium hydroxysulfonate nyob rau hauv cov khoom yuav txo, cov ntsiab lus ntawm sodium alkenyl sulfonate yuav nce, thiab dawb roj thiab inorganic ntsev Cov ntsiab lus kuj nce. Tsis tas li ntawd, pawg sulfonic acid ntawm IOS nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov pa roj carbon saw, tsim ib sab hauv olefin sulfonate nrog "ob chav hydrophobic tail saw" qauv. Cov khoom IOS yog xim tsaus dua li AOS thiab feem ntau yog siv hauv qee qhov chaw lag luam.
2.4 Sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate
Sodium fatty acid methyl sulfonate (MES) feem ntau yog ib hom surfactant tau los ntawm C16 ~ 18 fatty acid methyl ester los ntawm SO3 sulfonation, aging, re-esterification bleaching, thiab neutralization. Qhov sib txawv ntawm kev siv tshuab ntau lawm yog nyob rau hauv bleaching thiab esterification. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob acid, cov tshuaj dawb tsis huv thiab cov tshuab siv tshuaj bleaching thib ob. MES muaj peev xwm decontamination zoo, calcium xab npum dispersing zog muaj zog, thiab nws yooj yim rau biodegrade.